diff --git a/GameState.gd b/GameState.gd
index 235808c..d546073 100644
--- a/GameState.gd
+++ b/GameState.gd
@@ -1223,12 +1223,15 @@ func rotate_formation(radians: float) -> void:
 # hauler: ore becomes spendable only when a hub-stationed transporter picks
 # up a full load and physically delivers it to the mothership. Entries are
 # {"position", "planet_id", "planet_name", "resource_type", "inventory", "mining_progress"}.
-# Ore per second. Halved alongside the planet-density change in WorldGen: with
-# roughly 2.5x as many planets to put extractors on, holding the per-extractor
-# rate would have multiplied passive income rather than shifting where it comes
-# from. The intent is more sites each worth less, so expanding is what grows
-# the economy rather than one lucky early extractor carrying it.
-const EXTRACTOR_RATE: float = 1.0
+# Ore per second, per extractor.
+#
+# Halved once alongside the planet-density change in WorldGen (roughly 2.5x as
+# many planets to build on, so holding the rate would have multiplied passive
+# income rather than moving where it comes from), and halved again because it
+# still outran the rest of the economy. At 0.5 an extractor pays back its own
+# 25-ore cost in fifty seconds and yields 30 a minute after that, so a
+# single lucky early site cannot carry a game and expanding is what grows one.
+const EXTRACTOR_RATE: float = 0.5
 
 var extractors: Array = []
 
diff --git a/Main.tscn b/Main.tscn
index acd8fb2..43eba93 100644
--- a/Main.tscn
+++ b/Main.tscn
@@ -1211,9 +1211,9 @@ color = Color(0.03, 0.03, 0.08, 0.94)
 mouse_filter = 2
 anchor_right = 1.0
 offset_left = 24
-offset_top = 36
+offset_top = 20
 offset_right = -200
-offset_bottom = 166
+offset_bottom = 82
 text = "Ship Lab"
 horizontal_alignment = 1
 
@@ -1221,9 +1221,9 @@ horizontal_alignment = 1
 mouse_filter = 2
 anchor_right = 1.0
 offset_left = 24
-offset_top = 172
+offset_top = 148
 offset_right = -24
-offset_bottom = 308
+offset_bottom = 284
 script = ExtResource("24")
 
 [node name="VesselA" type="Control" parent="UI/LabMenu"]
@@ -1231,8 +1231,8 @@ anchor_left = 0.5
 anchor_right = 0.5
 offset_left = -300
 offset_right = -240
-offset_top = 274
-offset_bottom = 394
+offset_top = 300
+offset_bottom = 420
 script = ExtResource("10")
 icon = 2
 glow_color = Color(0.25, 0.85, 1, 1)
@@ -1242,8 +1242,8 @@ anchor_left = 0.5
 anchor_right = 0.5
 offset_left = -210
 offset_right = -150
-offset_top = 274
-offset_bottom = 394
+offset_top = 300
+offset_bottom = 420
 script = ExtResource("10")
 icon = 2
 glow_color = Color(0.45, 0.8, 1, 1)
@@ -1253,8 +1253,8 @@ anchor_left = 0.5
 anchor_right = 0.5
 offset_left = -120
 offset_right = -60
-offset_top = 274
-offset_bottom = 394
+offset_top = 300
+offset_bottom = 420
 script = ExtResource("10")
 icon = 31
 glow_color = Color(0.96, 0.32, 0.78, 1)
@@ -1264,8 +1264,8 @@ anchor_left = 0.5
 anchor_right = 0.5
 offset_left = -30
 offset_right = 30
-offset_top = 274
-offset_bottom = 394
+offset_top = 300
+offset_bottom = 420
 script = ExtResource("10")
 icon = 12
 glow_color = Color(0.95, 0.55, 0.85, 1)
@@ -1275,8 +1275,8 @@ anchor_left = 0.5
 anchor_right = 0.5
 offset_left = 60
 offset_right = 120
-offset_top = 274
-offset_bottom = 394
+offset_top = 300
+offset_bottom = 420
 script = ExtResource("10")
 icon = 34
 glow_color = Color(1, 0.78, 0.3, 1)
@@ -1286,8 +1286,8 @@ anchor_left = 0.5
 anchor_right = 0.5
 offset_left = 150
 offset_right = 210
-offset_top = 274
-offset_bottom = 394
+offset_top = 300
+offset_bottom = 420
 script = ExtResource("10")
 icon = 35
 glow_color = Color(0.3, 0.9, 1, 1)
@@ -1297,8 +1297,8 @@ anchor_left = 0.5
 anchor_right = 0.5
 offset_left = 240
 offset_right = 300
-offset_top = 274
-offset_bottom = 394
+offset_top = 300
+offset_bottom = 420
 script = ExtResource("10")
 icon = 37
 glow_color = Color(0.7, 0.3, 1, 1)
@@ -1308,9 +1308,9 @@ visible = false
 mouse_filter = 2
 anchor_right = 1.0
 offset_left = 24
-offset_top = 402
+offset_top = 424
 offset_right = -24
-offset_bottom = 460
+offset_bottom = 482
 theme_override_font_sizes/font_size = 34
 horizontal_alignment = 1
 text = ""
@@ -1321,8 +1321,8 @@ anchor_left = 0.5
 anchor_right = 0.5
 offset_left = -310
 offset_right = -230
-offset_top = 400
-offset_bottom = 472
+offset_top = 424
+offset_bottom = 496
 theme_override_font_sizes/font_size = 15
 autowrap_mode = 2
 horizontal_alignment = 1
@@ -1334,8 +1334,8 @@ anchor_left = 0.5
 anchor_right = 0.5
 offset_left = -220
 offset_right = -140
-offset_top = 400
-offset_bottom = 472
+offset_top = 424
+offset_bottom = 496
 theme_override_font_sizes/font_size = 15
 autowrap_mode = 2
 horizontal_alignment = 1
@@ -1347,8 +1347,8 @@ anchor_left = 0.5
 anchor_right = 0.5
 offset_left = -130
 offset_right = -50
-offset_top = 400
-offset_bottom = 472
+offset_top = 424
+offset_bottom = 496
 theme_override_font_sizes/font_size = 15
 autowrap_mode = 2
 horizontal_alignment = 1
@@ -1360,8 +1360,8 @@ anchor_left = 0.5
 anchor_right = 0.5
 offset_left = -40
 offset_right = 40
-offset_top = 400
-offset_bottom = 472
+offset_top = 424
+offset_bottom = 496
 theme_override_font_sizes/font_size = 15
 autowrap_mode = 2
 horizontal_alignment = 1
@@ -1373,8 +1373,8 @@ anchor_left = 0.5
 anchor_right = 0.5
 offset_left = 50
 offset_right = 130
-offset_top = 400
-offset_bottom = 472
+offset_top = 424
+offset_bottom = 496
 theme_override_font_sizes/font_size = 15
 autowrap_mode = 2
 horizontal_alignment = 1
@@ -1386,8 +1386,8 @@ anchor_left = 0.5
 anchor_right = 0.5
 offset_left = 140
 offset_right = 220
-offset_top = 400
-offset_bottom = 472
+offset_top = 424
+offset_bottom = 496
 theme_override_font_sizes/font_size = 15
 autowrap_mode = 2
 horizontal_alignment = 1
@@ -1399,8 +1399,8 @@ anchor_left = 0.5
 anchor_right = 0.5
 offset_left = 230
 offset_right = 310
-offset_top = 400
-offset_bottom = 472
+offset_top = 424
+offset_bottom = 496
 theme_override_font_sizes/font_size = 15
 autowrap_mode = 2
 horizontal_alignment = 1
@@ -1410,9 +1410,9 @@ text = "Distorder"
 mouse_filter = 2
 anchor_right = 1.0
 offset_left = 48
-offset_top = 480
+offset_top = 502
 offset_right = -48
-offset_bottom = 484
+offset_bottom = 506
 color = Color(0.25, 0.85, 1, 0.6)
 
 [node name="UpgradeList" type="Label" parent="UI/LabMenu"]
@@ -1421,9 +1421,9 @@ mouse_filter = 2
 anchor_right = 1.0
 anchor_bottom = 1.0
 offset_left = 32
-offset_top = 488
+offset_top = 514
 offset_right = -32
-offset_bottom = -470
+offset_bottom = -390
 theme_override_font_sizes/font_size = 30
 autowrap_mode = 2
 text = ""
@@ -1434,9 +1434,9 @@ anchor_right = 1.0
 anchor_top = 1.0
 anchor_bottom = 1.0
 offset_left = 32
-offset_top = -460
+offset_top = -380
 offset_right = -32
-offset_bottom = -330
+offset_bottom = -280
 theme_override_font_sizes/font_size = 32
 autowrap_mode = 2
 horizontal_alignment = 1
@@ -1448,9 +1448,9 @@ anchor_right = 1.0
 anchor_top = 1.0
 anchor_bottom = 1.0
 offset_left = 32
-offset_top = -324
+offset_top = -274
 offset_right = -32
-offset_bottom = -256
+offset_bottom = -226
 theme_override_font_sizes/font_size = 30
 autowrap_mode = 2
 horizontal_alignment = 1
@@ -1464,8 +1464,8 @@ anchor_right = 0.5
 anchor_bottom = 1.0
 offset_left = -230
 offset_right = -110
-offset_top = -240
-offset_bottom = -120
+offset_top = -218
+offset_bottom = -108
 script = ExtResource("10")
 icon = 6
 glow_color = Color(0.55, 0.95, 0.9, 1)
@@ -1477,8 +1477,8 @@ anchor_right = 0.5
 anchor_bottom = 1.0
 offset_left = 110
 offset_right = 230
-offset_top = -240
-offset_bottom = -120
+offset_top = -218
+offset_bottom = -108
 script = ExtResource("10")
 icon = 4
 glow_color = Color(0.45, 0.9, 0.55, 1)
@@ -1490,9 +1490,9 @@ anchor_right = 1.0
 anchor_top = 1.0
 anchor_bottom = 1.0
 offset_left = 24
-offset_top = -110
+offset_top = -102
 offset_right = -24
-offset_bottom = -20
+offset_bottom = -22
 theme_override_font_sizes/font_size = 28
 autowrap_mode = 2
 horizontal_alignment = 1
@@ -1503,8 +1503,8 @@ anchor_left = 0.5
 anchor_right = 0.5
 offset_left = -240
 offset_right = -120
-offset_top = 488
-offset_bottom = 598
+offset_top = 514
+offset_bottom = 624
 script = ExtResource("10")
 icon = 13
 glow_color = Color(0.25, 0.85, 1, 1)
@@ -1515,8 +1515,8 @@ anchor_left = 0.5
 anchor_right = 0.5
 offset_left = -310
 offset_right = -50
-offset_top = 603
-offset_bottom = 673
+offset_top = 628
+offset_bottom = 698
 theme_override_font_sizes/font_size = 22
 autowrap_mode = 2
 horizontal_alignment = 1
@@ -1527,8 +1527,8 @@ anchor_left = 0.5
 anchor_right = 0.5
 offset_left = 120
 offset_right = 240
-offset_top = 488
-offset_bottom = 598
+offset_top = 514
+offset_bottom = 624
 script = ExtResource("10")
 icon = 13
 glow_color = Color(0.25, 0.85, 1, 1)
@@ -1539,8 +1539,8 @@ anchor_left = 0.5
 anchor_right = 0.5
 offset_left = 50
 offset_right = 310
-offset_top = 603
-offset_bottom = 673
+offset_top = 628
+offset_bottom = 698
 theme_override_font_sizes/font_size = 22
 autowrap_mode = 2
 horizontal_alignment = 1
@@ -1551,8 +1551,8 @@ anchor_left = 0.5
 anchor_right = 0.5
 offset_left = -240
 offset_right = -120
-offset_top = 678
-offset_bottom = 783
+offset_top = 706
+offset_bottom = 816
 script = ExtResource("10")
 icon = 13
 glow_color = Color(0.25, 0.85, 1, 1)
@@ -1563,8 +1563,8 @@ anchor_left = 0.5
 anchor_right = 0.5
 offset_left = -310
 offset_right = -50
-offset_top = 788
-offset_bottom = 833
+offset_top = 820
+offset_bottom = 890
 theme_override_font_sizes/font_size = 22
 autowrap_mode = 2
 horizontal_alignment = 1
@@ -1575,8 +1575,8 @@ anchor_left = 0.5
 anchor_right = 0.5
 offset_left = 120
 offset_right = 240
-offset_top = 678
-offset_bottom = 783
+offset_top = 706
+offset_bottom = 816
 script = ExtResource("10")
 icon = 13
 glow_color = Color(0.25, 0.85, 1, 1)
@@ -1587,8 +1587,8 @@ anchor_left = 0.5
 anchor_right = 0.5
 offset_left = 50
 offset_right = 310
-offset_top = 788
-offset_bottom = 833
+offset_top = 820
+offset_bottom = 890
 theme_override_font_sizes/font_size = 22
 autowrap_mode = 2
 horizontal_alignment = 1
@@ -1597,10 +1597,10 @@ text = ""
 [node name="CloseButton" type="Control" parent="UI/LabMenu"]
 anchor_left = 1.0
 anchor_right = 1.0
-offset_left = -172
-offset_top = 24
+offset_left = -140
+offset_top = 20
 offset_right = -24
-offset_bottom = 172
+offset_bottom = 136
 script = ExtResource("10")
 icon = 1
 glow_color = Color(0.55, 0.95, 0.9, 1)
@@ -1619,27 +1619,27 @@ color = Color(0.03, 0.03, 0.08, 0.94)
 mouse_filter = 2
 anchor_right = 1.0
 offset_left = 24
-offset_top = 36
+offset_top = 20
 offset_right = -200
-offset_bottom = 166
+offset_bottom = 82
 text = "Build a ship"
 horizontal_alignment = 1
 
 [node name="Bar" type="Control" parent="UI/CraftMenu"]
 mouse_filter = 2
 offset_left = 24
-offset_top = 172
+offset_top = 148
 offset_right = 520
-offset_bottom = 308
+offset_bottom = 284
 script = ExtResource("24")
 
 [node name="StatusLabel" type="Label" parent="UI/CraftMenu"]
 mouse_filter = 2
 anchor_right = 1.0
 offset_left = 24
-offset_top = 274
+offset_top = 300
 offset_right = -200
-offset_bottom = 420
+offset_bottom = 446
 theme_override_font_sizes/font_size = 36
 autowrap_mode = 2
 text = ""
@@ -1899,10 +1899,10 @@ glow_color = Color(0.25, 0.85, 1, 1)
 [node name="CloseButton" type="Control" parent="UI/CraftMenu"]
 anchor_left = 1.0
 anchor_right = 1.0
-offset_left = -172
+offset_left = -140
 offset_right = -24
-offset_top = 24
-offset_bottom = 172
+offset_top = 20
+offset_bottom = 136
 script = ExtResource("10")
 icon = 1
 
diff --git a/TouchJoystick.gd b/TouchJoystick.gd
index 4c1cf2a..5685f91 100644
--- a/TouchJoystick.gd
+++ b/TouchJoystick.gd
@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@ extends Control
 # finger out to max_radius, and `direction` reports the offset normalised
 # against that radius (so magnitude is 0..1, usable for throttle later).
 #
+# Releasing puts BOTH the base and the knob back in the middle of the rect, so
+# an idle stick always looks the same and always looks idle.
+#
 # Only claims touches that start inside its own rect - anything else falls
 # through untouched, which is what keeps pinch-to-zoom working everywhere
 # else on screen.
@@ -38,8 +41,15 @@ func _ready() -> void:
 	_relayout()
 
 
+# Where the stick sits when nobody is touching it: the middle of its own rect.
+# The base only moves away from here while a finger is down (see handle_touch),
+# and returns the moment it lifts.
+func home_pos() -> Vector2:
+	return size / 2.0
+
+
 func _relayout() -> void:
-	base_pos = size / 2.0
+	base_pos = home_pos()
 	knob_pos = base_pos
 	max_radius = minf(size.x, size.y) * RADIUS_RATIO
 	queue_redraw()
@@ -67,6 +77,11 @@ func handle_touch(event: InputEventScreenTouch) -> bool:
 	if event.index != active_touch_index:
 		return false
 	active_touch_index = -1
+	# Back to the middle of the rect, BASE included. This used to reset the
+	# knob onto base_pos and leave the base wherever the finger had landed, so
+	# a released stick stayed parked off-centre - which reads as a control
+	# still in use, and left the ring somewhere different every time.
+	base_pos = home_pos()
 	knob_pos = base_pos
 	direction = Vector2.ZERO
 	queue_redraw()
diff --git a/tests/_lab_menu_preview.gd b/tests/_lab_menu_preview.gd
index 80db449..636e240 100644
--- a/tests/_lab_menu_preview.gd
+++ b/tests/_lab_menu_preview.gd
@@ -1,29 +1,22 @@
 extends Node2D
 
-# Preview, not a test - #71's ship lab layout with all 7 vessels present,
-# checking the vessel-name row no longer overlaps itself.
+# Preview, not a test - the ship lab at the real 720x1280 viewport, with a
+# vessel selected and its upgrades listed.
 #
-#   bash tests/screenshot.sh res://tests/_lab_menu_preview.tscn /tmp/lab.png 20 720x1280
-
-var configured: bool = false
+#   bash tests/screenshot.sh res://tests/_lab_menu_preview.tscn /tmp/lab.png 25 720x1280
 
 
-func _process(_delta: float) -> void:
-	if configured:
-		return
-	configured = true
+func _ready() -> void:
 	GameState.buildings.clear()
 	GameState.extractors.clear()
-	GameState.transporters.clear()
-	GameState.rocks = 500
-	GameState.research_points = 5
+	GameState.reset_progression()
+	GameState.bank_inventory.set_amount(GameState.RESOURCE_ORE, 310)
+	GameState.fleet_inventory.set_amount(GameState.RESOURCE_ORE, 47)
+	GameState.research_points = 4
 	var main: Node = load("res://Main.tscn").instantiate()
 	add_child(main)
 	main.get_node("EnemySpawner").set_process(false)
 	main.get_node("AsteroidField").set_process(false)
-	main.get_node("BuildingField").place(GameState.BUILDING_SHIP_LAB, Vector2(400.0, 0.0))
-	var lab_id: int = int(GameState.buildings[-1].id)
-	var bc: Node = main.get_node("BuildController")
-	bc.lab_building_id = lab_id
-	main.get_node("UI/LabMenu").visible = true
-	bc._refresh_lab()
+	var build: Node = main.get_node("BuildController")
+	build.lab_menu.visible = true
+	build._refresh_lab()
diff --git a/tests/test_asteroid_mining.gd.uid b/tests/test_asteroid_mining.gd.uid
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..150cb1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_asteroid_mining.gd.uid
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+uid://cx1x1mb4d614u
diff --git a/tests/test_black_hole.gd b/tests/test_black_hole.gd
index 6bfe495..52fbf7c 100644
--- a/tests/test_black_hole.gd
+++ b/tests/test_black_hole.gd
@@ -179,7 +179,13 @@ func _process(delta: float) -> bool:
 			return false
 		2:
 			# Mining is local, exactly like ore - no black-hole-specific code.
-			if elapsed < 1.2:
+			# DERIVED from the extraction rate, not a fixed 1.2s. That was
+			# long enough only while an extractor produced 2 a second; the
+			# rate has since been quartered, and a wait tuned to the old one
+			# reported a broken extractor that was working perfectly. What is
+			# under test is that dark matter accumulates LOCALLY rather than
+			# banking itself - not how quickly it arrives.
+			if elapsed < 1.0 / GameState.EXTRACTOR_RATE + 0.4:
 				return false
 			var mined: int = game_state.extractor_resource(extractor_index, GameState.RESOURCE_DARK_MATTER)
 			if mined <= 0:
diff --git a/tests/test_joystick_recentres.gd b/tests/test_joystick_recentres.gd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bd7a1e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_joystick_recentres.gd
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+extends SceneTree
+
+# Headless test: run with
+#   godot --headless -s res://tests/test_joystick_recentres.gd
+# Both sticks float: the base jumps to wherever the finger lands, so a player
+# does not have to hit an exact spot on a screen they cannot feel. Releasing
+# used to put only the KNOB back onto the base, leaving the base parked
+# wherever that touch had been - so an idle stick sat off-centre, in a
+# different place every time, and read as a control still in use.
+#
+# Covers, for the movement stick AND the fire stick:
+#   A. an untouched stick sits in the middle of its own rect
+#   B. pressing off-centre moves the base there - the floating behaviour is
+#      still intact, which is the thing this must not break
+#   C. releasing puts base AND knob back in the middle
+#   D. releasing also clears the reported direction, so nothing keeps acting
+#      on a stick nobody is holding
+
+const OFFSET := Vector2(-58.0, 41.0)
+
+var main: Node
+var stage: int = 0
+var elapsed: float = 0.0
+
+
+func _initialize() -> void:
+	main = load("res://Main.tscn").instantiate()
+	root.add_child(main)
+	current_scene = main
+
+
+func _check(stick: Control, label: String) -> bool:
+	var home: Vector2 = stick.home_pos()
+
+	# --- A. idle means centred -------------------------------------------
+	if stick.base_pos.distance_to(home) > 0.01 or stick.knob_pos.distance_to(home) > 0.01:
+		return _fail("%s starts at base %s knob %s, expected both at %s" \
+			% [label, stick.base_pos, stick.knob_pos, home])
+
+	# --- B. it still floats to the finger ---------------------------------
+	var press := InputEventScreenTouch.new()
+	press.index = 2
+	press.pressed = true
+	press.position = stick.global_position + home + OFFSET
+	if not stick.handle_touch(press):
+		return _fail("%s refused a touch inside its own rect" % label)
+	if stick.base_pos.distance_to(home + OFFSET) > 0.01:
+		return _fail("%s did not float its base to the finger: base %s, expected %s" \
+			% [label, stick.base_pos, home + OFFSET])
+
+	var drag := InputEventScreenDrag.new()
+	drag.index = 2
+	drag.position = press.position + Vector2(stick.max_radius, 0.0)
+	stick.handle_drag(drag)
+	if stick.direction == Vector2.ZERO:
+		return _fail("%s reported no direction while pushed" % label)
+	if stick.knob_pos.distance_to(stick.base_pos) < stick.max_radius * 0.5:
+		return _fail("%s knob barely moved while pushed" % label)
+
+	# --- C/D. release recentres everything and stops reporting ------------
+	var release := InputEventScreenTouch.new()
+	release.index = 2
+	release.pressed = false
+	release.position = drag.position
+	stick.handle_touch(release)
+	if stick.base_pos.distance_to(home) > 0.01:
+		return _fail("%s left its base at %s after release, expected %s" \
+			% [label, stick.base_pos, home])
+	if stick.knob_pos.distance_to(home) > 0.01:
+		return _fail("%s left its knob at %s after release, expected %s" \
+			% [label, stick.knob_pos, home])
+	if stick.direction != Vector2.ZERO:
+		return _fail("%s still reports %s after release" % [label, stick.direction])
+	if stick.is_active():
+		return _fail("%s still claims to be held after release" % label)
+	print("%s: floats to the finger, and returns to centre on release" % label)
+	return true
+
+
+func _process(delta: float) -> bool:
+	elapsed += delta
+	if stage != 0:
+		return false
+	if elapsed < 0.2:
+		return false
+	stage = 1
+	if not _check(main.get_node("UI/Joystick"), "movement stick"):
+		return true
+	if not _check(main.get_node("UI/FireStick"), "fire stick"):
+		return true
+	print("TEST_JOYSTICK_RECENTRES: PASS")
+	quit(0)
+	return true
+
+
+func _fail(message: String) -> bool:
+	print("TEST_JOYSTICK_RECENTRES: FAIL (%s)" % message)
+	quit(1)
+	return false
diff --git a/tests/test_joystick_recentres.gd.uid b/tests/test_joystick_recentres.gd.uid
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..307f322
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_joystick_recentres.gd.uid
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+uid://bk2jy7bvfm51b